博客园-深圳.NET俱乐部

理解依赖注入及其好处！

w i n s o n — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 01:04:00 GMT

阅读: 1424 评论: 19 作者: w i n s o n 发表于 2010-02-09 09:04 原文链接

关于依赖注入我看园子里已早有人发过相关的文章了，只是主要都是从理论角度出发，是一些虚拟的例子，感觉要真正运用起来的话可能有些朋友还不太清楚，最近我在公司的项目中就遇到一个比较麻烦的问题，正好可以使用依赖注入来解决，所以顺便写下我的心得，也方便自己以后查阅：

最近在公司的项目中，遇到的问题是：我们需要使用一个第三方写的一个的控件（open source的）来生成组织架构的Chart图，其中在chart图里需要显示员工的头像，在控件里只支持输入图片流以直接生成员工头像，而在我们项目里，只能直接引用了 webserver 后才可以调用获取头像图片的流数据，所以如果要使用此chart控件的话，就还需要在chart的项目里去引用我们自己的 webserver 以调用里面的方法，但这显然是不可行的，这个chart控件是一个完全独立的第三方控件，这样引用 webserver 的话耦合性太强了，万一以后 webserver 修改来，就必须重新编译那个控件的DLL，所以只好另想办法了

这时我就想到了一个非常适合的设计模式，就是依赖注入，它能消除组件间的直接依赖关系，让组件的开发更独立，使用更灵活。依赖注入主要有以下几种：包括接口注入、构造函数注入和属性注入。

以下我就是使用接口注入来解决上述问题的：
1、先创建一个接口，实现具体需要调用的功能：

public interface IGetImageProvider
{
Stream ReadFileToMemoryStream(string empNo); //一个获取图片的方法，此方法需调用 webserver 里相关函数完成的，这里利用接口先创建方法的定义
}

2、创建一个注入用的接口，实现2个控件间的依赖：

public interface IGetImageMgr
{
void InjectImage(IGetImageProvider getImage);//依赖注入的方法，让2个控件间的联系起来了
}

3、为独立的 chart 控件项目继承 IGetImageMgr 接口，然后实现 InjectImage 方法：

代码

private IGetImageProvider getImage;//定义 IGetImageProvider 接口，以实现 webserver 的方法

public void InjectImage(IGetImageProvider getImage)
{
this.getImage = getImage; //实现 IGetImageMgr 接口的注入方法，这步是最主要的，有了这个从而就实现 webserver 里的方法了
}

4、在 chart项目里调用上而的接口方法，以获取图片信息，然后进行处理：

Stream imageStream = getImage.ReadFileToMemoryStream("0001");//直接调用接口方法，此方法将会实现 webserver 里的相关函数的功能，这样就不需要引用 webserver 也能独立完成了。

OK，完成了独立控件里的代码，现在在项目里引用此控件的DLL，然后创建一个类以实现 IGetImageProvider 接口，为2个项目间创建联系：
1、创建一个 GetImage 类，继承 IGetImageProvider 接口，这时就可真正实现里面的获取图片的方法了：

public class GetImage : IGetImageProvider
{
public Stream ReadFileToMemoryStream(string empNo)
{ //do something.... }
}

2、实例化 IGetImageProvider 接口和 chart 控件，完成依赖注入的调用：

代码

IGetImageProvider getimage = new GetImage();//创建接口对象

OrgChart myOrgChart = new OrgChart();//创建 chart 控件对象

myOrgChart.InjectImage(getimage); //以接口注入方式为 chart 控件的对象赋值以达到依赖注入的效果，这时就可直接在 chart 控件内部直接调用 IGetImageProvider 接口的实现方法了

以过以上的调用后，就可以让2个项目之间解耦合，让开发出来的控件更加独立，而且方便扩展

评论: 19　查看评论　发表评论

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编辑推荐：2010年2月编程语言排行榜

网站导航：博客园首页个人主页新闻闪存小组博问社区知识库

依赖注入容器Autofac

geff zhang — Sun, 07 Feb 2010 09:03:00 GMT

阅读: 277 评论: 2 作者: geff zhang 发表于 2010-02-07 17:03 原文链接

在.NET上现在存在许多的依赖注入容器, 我也在实践中使用过Castle Windsor、StructureMap、Autofac 、Unity。这些容器的简要介绍可以参看：

IoC in .NET part 1: Autofac

IoC in .NET part2: StructureMap

IoC in .NET part 3: Ninject 2 beta

IoC in .NET part4: Spring.NET

IoC in .NET part 5: Using CastleWindsor container

IoC Containers in .NET part 6: Unity Container

这里主要介绍一下Autofac，Autofac和其他容器的不同之处是它和C#语言的结合非常紧密，在使用过程中对你的应用的侵入性几乎为零，更容易与第三方的组件集成。Autofac的主要特性如下：

灵活的组件实例化：Autofac支持自动装配，给定的组件类型Autofac自动选择使用构造函数注入或者属性注入，Autofac还可以基于lambda表达式创建实例，这使得容器非常灵活，很容易和其他的组件集成。 var defaultLog = new ConsoleLog(); builder.Register(c => new Connection(){ Log = c.ResolveOptional() ?? defaultLog });大家知道lambda表达式并不是在声明的时候的执行的，只有等到容器的Resolve()方法调用的时候，表达式才执行。表达式还有一个好处是不需要使用反射或者是使用XML语法来表达。
资源管理的可视性：基于依赖注入容器构建的应用程序的动态性，意味着什么时候应该处理那些资源有点困难。Autofac通过跟踪特定作用域内的实例和依赖来解决这个问题（DeterministicDisposal）。IDisposable接口接口是把双刃剑，既是一个老孙手上的金箍棒，也是老孙头上的魔咒，有一种明确的方式告诉那一部分应该被清理，但是一个组件要何时处理并不是很容易确定的事情，比如说一个服务可以有多个实现的时候就变得很糟糕，组件的创建上（GOF的创建型设计模式）有的是通过工厂方式创建的，有的是单件方式创建的，有些需要被清理，有些却不需要清理。组件的使用者无法知道是否把转换为IDisposable接口调用它的Disposal方法。Autofac通过容器来跟踪组件的资源管理。对于不需要清理的对象，例如Console.Out，我们调用ExternallyOwned()方法告诉容器不用清理。细粒度的组件生命周期管理：应用程序中通常可以存在一个应用程序范围的容器实例，在应用程序中还存在大量的一个请求的范围的对象，例如一个HTTP请求，一个IIS工作者线程或者用户的会话结束时结束。通过嵌套的容器实例和对象的作用域使得资源的可视化。
Autofac的设计上非常务实，这方面更多是为我们这些容器的使用者考虑：

组件侵入性为零：组件不需要去引用Autofac。
灵活的模块化系统：通过模块化组织你的程序，应用程序不用纠缠于复杂的XML配置系统或者是配置参数。
自动装配：可以是用lambda表达式注册你的组件，autofac会根据需要选择构造函数或者属性注入
XML配置文件的支持：XML配置文件过度使用时很丑陋，但是在发布的时候通常非常有用
组件的多服务支持：许多设计师喜欢使用细粒度的接口来控制依赖， autofac允许一个组件提供多个服务。

Autofac的目前稳定版本是1.4，支持.NET和Silverlight应用程序。2.1版本目前处于Beta状态，2.1版本相对于1.4版本做了些调整，可以参照http://code.google.com/p/autofac/wiki/NewInV2，如果你对Autofac感兴趣，尽快开始Autofac之旅吧，可以给你不一样的思路。

评论: 2　查看评论　发表评论

编辑推荐：2010年2月编程语言排行榜

网站导航：博客园首页个人主页新闻闪存小组博问社区知识库

0205 牧场分析数据

小隐任行 — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 10:09:00 GMT

阅读: 62 评论: 0 作者: 小隐任行发表于 2010-02-05 18:09 原文链接

一、自己的进入

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_enter?

Post

farmKey c68ca12be7f6212652e8722297bfbc37

farmTime 1265182523

flag 1

newitem 1

uId 0

uIdx 88549293

Data

{"a":1,"animal":[{"buyTime":1264810641,"cId":1010,"growTime":371882,"growTimeNext":18362,"hungry":0,"serial":1,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264810641,"cId":1010,"growTime":371882,"growTimeNext":18345,"hungry":0,"serial":2,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1265039516,"cId":1010,"growTime":143007,"growTimeNext":40601,"hungry":0,"serial":3,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":9},{"buyTime":1264810641,"cId":1010,"growTime":371882,"growTimeNext":18376,"hungry":0,"serial":4,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264810641,"cId":1010,"growTime":371882,"growTimeNext":18355,"hungry":0,"serial":5,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264810648,"cId":1510,"growTime":371875,"growTimeNext":10761,"hungry":0,"serial":6,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264810648,"cId":1510,"growTime":371875,"growTimeNext":10763,"hungry":0,"serial":7,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264911127,"cId":1510,"growTime":271396,"growTimeNext":9468,"hungry":0,"serial":8,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264810663,"cId":1510,"growTime":371860,"growTimeNext":10757,"hungry":0,"serial":9,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1265114376,"cId":1508,"growTime":68147,"growTimeNext":18253,"hungry":0,"serial":10,"status":2,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264841269,"cId":1010,"growTime":341254,"growTimeNext":45050,"hungry":0,"serial":11,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":9},{"buyTime":1264723619,"cId":1010,"growTime":458904,"growTimeNext":27096,"hungry":0,"serial":12,"status":5,"statusNext":6,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264911127,"cId":1510,"growTime":271396,"growTimeNext":9468,"hungry":0,"serial":13,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264911127,"cId":1510,"growTime":271396,"growTimeNext":9468,"hungry":0,"serial":14,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264911155,"cId":1010,"growTime":271368,"growTimeNext":18338,"hungry":0,"serial":15,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0}],"animalFood":364,"badinfo":[{"mynum":0,"num":0,"type":1},{"mynum":0,"num":0,"type":2}],"c":0,"items":{"1":{"id":101,"lv":1},"2":{"id":102,"lv":6},"3":{"id":103,"lv":5},"4":{"id":104,"lv":1}},"parade":{"i":"谁动了我的小鸟？","p":3,"v":1},"stealflag":{"1010":3,"1508":3,"1510":3},"task":{"taskFlag":0,"taskId":10},"user":{"exp":40239,"money":123103,"uId":88549293},"wp":{"bq":0,"f":2,"lp":2,"lq":420000,"lv":15,"lw":2,"xp":4,"xq":498000,"xw":5}}

二、收自己的

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_harvest_product

Post

farmKey 1823d4afa24588fb78aae2c84b82dfcd

farmTime 1265169770

harvesttype 1

type 1010

uIdx 88549293

Data

{"addExp":20,"cId":1010,"code":0,"harvestnum":9,"msg":"success","serial":-1}

给自己加草

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_feed_food

Post

farmKey b3f5d47eba6bfa6c3838c378003d5424

farmTime 1265185542

foodnum 68

type 0

uIdx 88549293

{"addExp":0,"added":68,"animal":[{"buyTime":1264810641,"cId":1010,"growTime":374901,"growTimeNext":15343,"hungry":0,"serial":1,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264810641,"cId":1010,"growTime":374901,"growTimeNext":15326,"hungry":0,"serial":2,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1265039516,"cId":1010,"growTime":146026,"growTimeNext":37582,"hungry":0,"serial":3,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264810641,"cId":1010,"growTime":374901,"growTimeNext":15357,"hungry":0,"serial":4,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264810641,"cId":1010,"growTime":374901,"growTimeNext":15336,"hungry":0,"serial":5,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264810648,"cId":1510,"growTime":374894,"growTimeNext":7742,"hungry":0,"serial":6,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264810648,"cId":1510,"growTime":374894,"growTimeNext":7744,"hungry":0,"serial":7,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264911127,"cId":1510,"growTime":274415,"growTimeNext":6449,"hungry":0,"serial":8,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264810663,"cId":1510,"growTime":374879,"growTimeNext":7738,"hungry":0,"serial":9,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1265114376,"cId":1508,"growTime":71166,"growTimeNext":15234,"hungry":0,"serial":10,"status":2,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264841269,"cId":1010,"growTime":344273,"growTimeNext":42031,"hungry":0,"serial":11,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264723619,"cId":1010,"growTime":461923,"growTimeNext":24077,"hungry":0,"serial":12,"status":5,"statusNext":6,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264911127,"cId":1510,"growTime":274415,"growTimeNext":6449,"hungry":0,"serial":13,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264911127,"cId":1510,"growTime":274415,"growTimeNext":6449,"hungry":0,"serial":14,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264911155,"cId":1010,"growTime":274387,"growTimeNext":15319,"hungry":0,"serial":15,"status":5,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0}],"direction":"成功添加68棵牧草","money":0,"total":400,"type":0,"uId":88549293}

三、获取好友列表

http://nc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_farm_getFriendList?mod=friend

Post

farmKey 9f767a52d7dd23ac8fcce46fa1b28646

farmTime 1265182638

uIdx 88549293

user true

Data (pf为1则开)

四、获取处理好友

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_get_Exp

expflag 0

farmKey c64f90f533b37764e7d87848537d6635

farmTime 1265182922

optflag 1

uidlist 9657232|26702809|9017833|2177417|118862903|49025093|530160290|150287863|15474201|1061107622|416169482|183392456|597283590|33363108|44984197|297268666|343369590|383398053|43717052|88549293|504944732|86826399|78420481|346569434|574002571|304618226|41157953|383750053|806238606|693389805|437851|354107477|417032323|120948887|112663787|283933722|75778037|164247686|446373|24053357|49321056|84511504|362254808|10642928|274963292|9850508|282086504|63225139|532029670|223632747|66772258|252081733|66936906|5391124|1857368|594569|223849554|56592512|375503951|6817912|575152453|448158468|448605436|185245844|413955873|847836436|93173287|670156600|68787953|313788419|382094692|54892798|931231387|5526005|845174300|983671874|422053954|57650889|790064396|361229347|418380741|59045457|215056022|330230708|729300282|157229217|121057126|519370135|544711993|422455203|624526927|527109372|93627615|274258589|101606953|369126297|340800984|476350629|1374594472|36719486|276916333|151309828|568564335|274703191|175557205|1164180302|303727504|1020627237|854752257|82232933|371240998|619279|253487011|51346556|740880520|367749|139155210|214518950|457917379|197982120|18661038|228252094|196362202|106839657|66367364|995915933|82017360|3260808|785901266|6987332|632097485|854870977|631534|331474443|47530514|252531122|253043251|253592203|52316828|270986103|178991446|43157842|173746766|275909114|171037139|277223345|277392194|280027637|40114530|283485499|40514815|283128696|287582313|296344164|39608010|166791005|304123688|36521746|305982052|309449255|309648716|312129171|54391363|251940703|317681008|160669987|251124802|332926094|156579501|341059149|32389519|343543676|29306608|346052073|348117783|353705277|29049687|249439035|154216061|361330943|27820712|362063017|363476523|248069124|147293518|369935128|54088570|245565848|373298539|56789581|375061638|215194029|119058729|234033122|232252811|115318661|380292104|66566035|191129794|229949124|360573208|22021100|393363161|393236354|394654878|401796617|184684764|18395039|415509442|18159516|190382367|57941681|419997182|421285945|52788983|94761340|448271311|12445872|6735467|450724665|457277203|184631386|472671840|58171919|476096866|490697564|498824761|503828790|364487312|514117948|86945550|523357200|527690375|84417767|59636787|531331895|532884732|532697603|4679520|534913979|543670194|373182722|546334206|553962287|563905940|80412860|573643938|574696979|3797195|378479008|578108745|594156759|595210706|3254740|604821333|605130875|609097079|610142412|615913969|617593626|80583276|190843718|645708410|645740333|651937554|654146302|184700172|670401970|675627846|89024|79935382|737827333|116506300|741395094|744420418|769908244|772123154|784323141|113601240|65246936|791374493|805221711|231377|836350584|840299588|78408505|383837740|849437978|24963348|409406043|858576535|859333376|859377886|862597472|867140741|870249383|903732122|908739589|909889245|909371976|921340386|923198896|25583091|936624317|942625031|949772821|951425728|959455232|969495871|376311104|990672287|994647966|376649356|1016489120|379991084|902579|1062019206|1135926916|379638525|1250080273|1299164211|381547586|1409048040|1409261564|1416059765|314123401|undefined|

uIdx 88549293

Data

好友进入

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_enter?

Post

farmKey 674cfc10602722acf6866c04b8fea20a

farmTime 1265183078

flag 1

newitem 1

uId 78420481

uIdx 88549293

Data

{"a":1,"animal":[{"buyTime":1263797845,"cId":1004,"growTime":201600,"growTimeNext":82800,"hungry":1,"serial":1,"status":3,"statusNext":6,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1263995217,"cId":1501,"growTime":43200,"growTimeNext":10800,"hungry":1,"serial":2,"status":2,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1263995228,"cId":1502,"growTime":43200,"growTimeNext":21600,"hungry":1,"serial":3,"status":2,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264768485,"cId":1004,"growTime":14400,"growTimeNext":19800,"hungry":1,"serial":4,"status":1,"statusNext":2,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264768493,"cId":1502,"growTime":0,"growTimeNext":32400,"hungry":1,"serial":5,"status":1,"statusNext":2,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1264768502,"cId":1001,"growTime":0,"growTimeNext":14400,"hungry":1,"serial":6,"status":1,"statusNext":2,"totalCome":0}],"animalFood":0,"badinfo":[{"mynum":0,"num":3,"type":1},{"mynum":0,"num":3,"type":2}],"c":0,"items":{"1":{"id":101,"lv":1},"2":{"id":102,"lv":2},"3":{"id":103,"lv":1},"4":{"id":104,"lv":1}},"parade":{"i":"","p":0,"v":1},"stealflag":{"1001":0,"1004":0,"1501":0,"1502":0},"task":{"taskFlag":0,"taskId":10},"user":{"exp":4172,"money":10000,"uId":740880520},"wp":{"bq":12000,"f":0,"lp":1,"lq":20000,"lv":3,"lw":1,"xp":1,"xq":8000,"xw":2}}

收取好友的

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_steal_product

Post

farmKey ed15871c88747e186fcf8643acdc7fe2

farmTime 1265183175

nick 小隐

type 1510

uId 78420481

uIdx 88549293

Data

{"cId":1510,"harvestnum":1}

帮好友打蚊子

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_help_pasture

Post

farmKey 7435f5f382b030573565b48ca029f31a

farmTime 1265184136

num 2

pos 1

type 1

uId 1857368

uIdx 88549293

Data

{"addExp":0,"cId":1,"num":2,"pos":1}

帮好友加草

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_feed_food

Post

farmKey b7258c264d8902e01269475bd6ebb626

farmTime 1265184253

foodnum 10

nick 小隐

type 0

uId 422455203

uIdx 88549293

Data

{"addExp":-1,"added":10,"animal":[{"buyTime":1265116379,"cId":1006,"growTime":67934,"growTimeNext":14866,"hungry":0,"serial":1,"status":2,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1265116401,"cId":1002,"growTime":69412,"growTimeNext":96188,"hungry":0,"serial":2,"status":3,"statusNext":6,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1265116451,"cId":1004,"growTime":67862,"growTimeNext":538,"hungry":0,"serial":3,"status":2,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1265116471,"cId":1503,"growTime":67842,"growTimeNext":4158,"hungry":0,"serial":4,"status":2,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1265116476,"cId":1005,"growTime":67837,"growTimeNext":7763,"hungry":0,"serial":5,"status":2,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1265116481,"cId":1504,"growTime":57660,"growTimeNext":21540,"hungry":0,"serial":6,"status":2,"statusNext":3,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1265116488,"cId":1003,"growTime":57660,"growTimeNext":125940,"hungry":0,"serial":7,"status":3,"statusNext":6,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1265169311,"cId":1006,"growTime":14460,"growTimeNext":26940,"hungry":0,"serial":8,"status":1,"statusNext":2,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1265169319,"cId":1504,"growTime":14400,"growTimeNext":25200,"hungry":0,"serial":9,"status":1,"statusNext":2,"totalCome":0},{"buyTime":1265169319,"cId":1504,"growTime":14400,"growTimeNext":25200,"hungry":0,"serial":10,"status":1,"statusNext":2,"totalCome":0}],"direction":"成功添加10棵牧草","money":0,"total":4,"type":0,"uId":422455203}

帮好友的赶去生产

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_post_product

Post

farmKey 532f830ac2c41e75f9e105284b918bd6

farmTime 1265184386

nick 小隐

serial 7

uId 422455203

uIdx 88549293

Data

{"addExp":0,"animal":{"buyTime":1265116488,"cId":1003,"createTime":0,"feedTime":1265198653,"growTime":57733,"growTimeNext":180,"postTime":1265184386,"productNum":1,"serial":7,"status":4,"statusNext":5,"totalCome":0}}

帮好友除便

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_help_pasture

Post

farmKey 44dcea996880f948ee296cb37b536f78

farmTime 1265185231

num 1

pos 0

type 2

uId 383398053

uIdx 88549293

Data

{"num":1,"pos":0,"repNum":1,"type":2}

获取自己的仓库

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_get_repertory?target=animal

Post

farmKey 7448d1261978a740642ad5003f2fe4da

farmTime 1265188454

uIdx 88549293

Data

[{"amount":23,"cId":1002,"cName":"小兔崽","price":39},{"amount":151,"cId":1001,"cName":"鸡蛋","price":17},{"amount":19,"cId":1006,"cName":"小企鹅","price":68},{"amount":28,"cId":1505,"cName":"梅花鹿崽","price":70},{"amount":18,"cId":1007,"cName":"小乌龟","price":69},{"amount":20,"cId":1504,"cName":"小袋鼠","price":64},{"amount":32,"cId":1004,"cName":"小猫崽","price":56},{"amount":31,"cId":1005,"cName":"孔雀毛","price":35},{"amount":68,"cId":1501,"cName":"羊毛","price":29},{"amount":17,"cId":1003,"cName":"鹅蛋","price":19},{"amount":13,"cId":1503,"cName":"小猴崽","price":58},{"amount":17,"cId":1008,"cName":"松鼠崽","price":71},{"amount":6,"cId":1502,"cName":"牛奶","price":55},{"amount":60,"cId":1506,"cName":"便便","price":30},{"amount":3,"cId":1009,"cName":"波斯猫崽","price":72},{"amount":7,"cId":1507,"cName":"羚羊崽","price":77},{"amount":402,"cId":1010,"cName":"仓鼠崽","price":78},{"amount":16,"cId":1508,"cName":"鸵鸟崽","price":79},{"amount":1,"cId":11010,"cName":"仓鼠","price":16940},{"amount":308,"cId":1510,"cName":"长颈鹿崽","price":77},{"amount":44,"cId":1012,"cName":"鸭蛋","price":73},{"amount":1,"cId":11510,"cName":"长颈鹿","price":15110},{"amount":13,"cId":1011,"cName":"刺猬崽","price":72}]

全部卖出

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_sale_product

Post

farmKey 18bbea9e5c044c82efb7fd7631092d6a

farmTime 1265188582

saleAll 1

uIdx 88549293

Data

{"direction":"操作成功，共获得收入和感谢金 111790 金币","money":111790}

获取商店信息

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_get_animals

Post

farmKey 3ab8cb44be3dd5d85a270fbb67385ea7

farmTime 1265188806

uIdx 88549293

Data

背包

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_get_repertory?target=package

Post

farmKey d9dc79a8f521365ff7f1c20af40d8797

farmTime 1265188928

uIdx 88549293

Data

[{"amount":5007,"tId":40,"tName":"牧草","type":4},{"aidlist":[1002],"amount":10,"tDesc":"特殊作物，供兔子使用可减少生长时间5分钟。","tId":3,"tName":"胡萝卜","type":4}]

收

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_harvest_product

farmKey 4391085250d771354393153851673cf3

farmTime 1265211215

harvesttype 2

serial 12

uIdx 88549293

DAta

{"addExp":32,"cId":1010,"code":0,"harvestnum":0,"msg":"success","serial":12}

买

http://mc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/cgi_buy_animal

cId 1010

farmKey 41bf486d3997c78570568fb336e85db7

farmTime 1265211256

number 1

uIdx 88549293

Data

{"addExp":5,"animal": [{"buyTime":1265211256,"cId":1010,"growTime":0,"growTimeNext":41400,"hungry":0,"serial":12,"status":1,"statusNext":2,"totalCome":0}],"animalFood":358,"code":0," money":14100,"msg":"success","num":1}

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编辑推荐：2010年2月编程语言排行榜

网站导航：博客园首页个人主页新闻闪存小组博问社区知识库

各种浏览器的userAgent

geff zhang — Wed, 03 Feb 2010 07:40:00 GMT

阅读: 273 评论: 1 作者: geff zhang 发表于 2010-02-03 15:40 原文链接

各浏览器的userAgent很乱，具体可参看cnbeta上文章译稿:UserAgent的历史变迁。

IE
而IE各个版本典型的userAgent如下：
Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0)
Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.2)
Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)
Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows NT)
其中，版本号是MSIE之后的数字。
Firefox
Firefox几个版本的userAgent大致如下：
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.2) Gecko/2008070208 Firefox/3.0.1
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1) Gecko/20070309 Firefox/2.0.0.3
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1) Gecko/20070803 Firefox/1.5.0.12 其中，版本号是Firefox之后的数字。
Opera
Opera典型的userAgent如下：
Opera/9.27 (Windows NT 5.2; U; zh-cn)
Opera/8.0 (Macintosh; PPC Mac OS X; U; en)
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; PPC Mac OS X; U; en) Opera 8.0
其中，版本号是靠近Opera的数字。
Safari
Safari典型的userAgent如下：
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.2) AppleWebKit/525.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/3.1 Safari/525.13
Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; U; CPU like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/420.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/3.0 Mobile/4A93 Safari/419.3
其版本号是Version之后的数字。
Chrome
Chrome的userAgent是：
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.2) AppleWebKit/525.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/0.2.149.27 Safari/525.13
其中，版本号在Chrome之后的数字。
Navigator
目前，Navigator的userAgent是：
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.12) Gecko/20080219 Firefox/2.0.0.12 Navigator/9.0.0.6
其中，版本号在Navigator之后的数字。

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Newtonsoft 获取动态key的json数据

小隐任行 — Wed, 03 Feb 2010 07:21:00 GMT

阅读: 116 评论: 0 作者: 小隐任行发表于 2010-02-03 15:21 原文链接

在反序列化一些json数据的过程中，有些数据根本没有办法反序列化，因为json数据的key值是动态的，另外还有一些key值是数字的，也没有办法反序列化到c# 类。

反序列化是没希望，但总可以读出来吧，寒，要不然就要换掉Newtonsoft了。

举例：

代码            string str = "{\"3\":123,body:456,list:{title:'abc',body:'what'}}";
            JObject o = JObject.Parse(str);
            IEnumerable<JProperty> properties = o.Properties();
            foreach (JProperty item in properties)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(item.Name + ":" + item.Value);
            }

如果str 是个数组，则可以相应用JArray a = JArray.Parse(str); 来处理，不过目前还不知道无限包含子集怎么处理。

比如

string str = "{\"3\":123,body:456,list:{title:'abc',body:{a:{a:{a:{a:{a:'......'}}}}}}}";

网上资料甚少，官方那个Quick Starts看了晕，除了一大堆的声明，未见实质的sample，要看声明，难道要看它的这个帮助文档？右键--转到定义，不就可以了吗?

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编辑推荐：2010年2月编程语言排行榜

网站导航：博客园首页个人主页新闻闪存小组博问社区知识库

蛙蛙推荐：矩阵算法入门

蛙蛙王子 — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 12:45:00 GMT

阅读: 1393 评论: 10 作者: 蛙蛙王子发表于 2010-02-01 20:45 原文链接

摘要

介绍矩阵的编程表示，矩阵的初等变换，化阶梯矩阵及求方阵的行列式。

矩阵介绍

矩阵就是一个M×N平面的表格，用一个两维数组就可以表示,为了输入方便，我们用一个特殊格式的字符串对矩阵进行初始化，用"|"分割每一行，用","分割每一列，并增加一个Show的方法打印出矩阵，为了测试及调试的需要，还重写了ToString()方法。

代码

public class Matrix {
  public int M { get; private set; }
  public int N { get; private set; }
  private readonly double[,] num = null;

  #region 构造函数/Show
  public Matrix(int m, int n, string input) {
      M = m;
      N = n;
      num = new double[m, n];
      if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(input))
          parseInput(input);
  }

  private void parseInput(string input) {
      string[] rows = input.Split(new[] { '|' });
      if (rows.Length != M)
          throw new ArgumentException("row count err");
      for (int i = 0; i < M; i++) {
          string row = rows[i];
          string[] cells = row.Split(new[] { ',' });
          if (cells.Length != N)
              throw new ArgumentException(string.Format("cells counte err:{0}", row));
          for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) {
              int cellValue;
              if (!int.TryParse(cells[j], out cellValue))
                  throw new ArgumentException(string.Format("cell error:{0}", cells[j]));
              num[i, j] = cellValue;
          }
      }
  }

  public void Show() {
      for (int i = 0; i < M; i++) {
          for (int j = 0; j < N; j++)
              Console.Write("{0}\t", num[i, j]);
          Console.WriteLine();
      }
  }

  public override string ToString() {
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    for (int i = 0; i < M; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) {
            sb.Append(num[i, j]);
            if (j != N - 1)
                sb.Append(',');
        }
        if (i != M - 1)
            sb.Append('|');
    }
    return sb.ToString();
    }
}

先对这些代码进行单元测试，为了让代码块覆盖率达到100%,对构造函数的测试要故意模拟错误的输入，以便覆盖抛出异常的语句。

代码

[TestMethod()]
public void MatrixConstructorTest() {
    Matrix m;
    try
    {
      m = new Matrix(2,2,"1,2|3,4|5,6");
      Assert.Fail();
    }
    catch{}
    try {
        m = new Matrix(2, 2, "1,2|3,4,5");
        Assert.Fail();
    }
    catch { }
    try {
        m = new Matrix(2, 2, "1,2|3,a");
        Assert.Fail();
    }
    catch { }
}

[TestMethod]
public void toStringTest()
{
    Matrix matrix = new Matrix(3, 3, "1,2,3|4,5,6|7,8,9");
    Assert.IsTrue(matrix.ToString() == "1,2,3|4,5,6|7,8,9");
}

[TestMethod()]
public void ShowTest() {
    Matrix matrix = new Matrix(2, 2, "1,2|3,4");
    matrix.Show();
    //这玩意还真没法儿测，不出错就算成功
}

初等行变化

矩阵的初等行变换虽然是很简单的变换，但用处非常大，包括行交换（两行交换位置），行倍乘（给某行乘以一个非零常数），行倍（某行乘以一个非零常数加到另一行上）加三种变换，因为行倍乘在求阶梯矩阵时用不到，就不写了。

代码

//r1→r2,r2→r1
public void swapRow(int r1, int r2) {
    double[] temp = new double[N];
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
        temp[i] = num[r1, i];
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
        num[r1, i] = num[r2, i];
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
        num[r2, i] = temp[i];
}
//c×r1+r2
public void double_add(int r1, int r2, double c) {
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        num[r2, i] += num[r1, i] * c;
    }
}

单元测试如下，能达到预期就可以。

代码

[TestMethod()]
public void swapRowTest() {
    Matrix matrix = new Matrix(2,2,"1,2|3,4");
    matrix.swapRow(0, 1);
    Assert.IsTrue(matrix.ToString() == "3,4|1,2");
}

[TestMethod()]
public void double_addTest() {
    Matrix matrix = new Matrix(2,2,"1,2|3,4");
    matrix.double_add(0,1,2);
    Assert.IsTrue(matrix.ToString() == "1,2|5,8");
}

化阶梯矩阵

阶梯矩阵在矩阵算法中有很重要的作用，比如在解线性方程时，先化为阶梯阵，再从未知数最少的方程逐步回代求解，或者求矩阵的秩的时候先化成阶梯矩阵，再去数非零的行数。
任何一个矩阵都可以转换成阶梯矩阵，方法是一列一列去转换。
注：A表示矩阵，_标识下标，第一个下标表示行,第二个下标表示列
1、从A_1_1开始，假设A_1_1非0（如果为0，则和其他首非零行交换），把A_1_1记做a
2、如果A_2_1为非0，记做b，那么第一行乘以-(b/a)加到第二行上，这时第二行首为零。
3、依次类推，把从A_2_1,A_3_1,...,A_m_1都化为0.
4、转向A_2_2，假设假设A_2_2非0（如果为0，则和其他第二列非零行交换），把A_2_2记做a
5、如果A_3_2为非0，记做b，那么第一行乘以-(b/a)加到第三行上，这时第三行第二为零。
6、依次类推，把从A_3_2,A_4_2,...,A_m_2都化为0.
7、依次类推，没重复一次1-3步的操作，都会把一列的指定行下面均化为0，最终可得到阶梯矩阵。

代码

public void toStrassen() {
    int start_row = 0, start_col = 0;
    for (int col = 0; col < N; col++) {//一列一列去处理
        var no_zero_col = get_no_zero_col(start_row, start_col);

        if (no_zero_col == -1) return; //从该行该列向下向右全为0,直接返回

        make_col_zero(no_zero_col, start_row);

        start_row++;
        if (no_zero_col == N - 1)
            return;
        start_col = ++no_zero_col;
    }
}

//通过倍加运算使某一列从某个起始行开始下面的数为0
private void make_col_zero(int col, int start_row) {
    for (int row = start_row + 1; row < M; row++) {
        var z = num[row, col] / num[start_row, col];
        double_add(start_row, row, -z);
    }
}

// 获取从指定起始行和起始列开始的非零列。
//如果在起始列上从起始行开始找到非零行，但不是给定起始行，那么利用初等变化交换这两行。
// 如果在起始列上未找到非零行，那么起始行不变，起始列右移重新计算
private int get_no_zero_col(int start_row, int start_col) {
    for (int row = start_row; row < M; row++) {
        if (num[row, start_col] == 0) continue;
        swapRow(row, start_row);
        return start_col;
    }
    for (int col = start_col + 1; col < N; col++) {
        for (int row = start_row; row < M; row++) {
            if (num[row, col] == 0) continue;
            swapRow(start_row, row);
            return col;
        }
    }
    return -1;
}

这个用例的单元测试稍微复杂，因为有很多分支，所以要考虑多种情况，比如矩阵本来就是阶梯矩阵，或者有0行，或者有多列只有前N行为0，对角线均为0等情况。

代码

[TestMethod()]
public void toStrassenTest() {
    Matrix matrix = new Matrix(4, 4, "0,1,-1,1|2,-2,1,1|2,3,-5,7|2,16,-14,24");
    matrix.toStrassen();
    Assert.IsTrue(matrix.ToString() == "2,-2,1,1|0,1,-1,1|0,0,-1,1|0,0,0,8");
    matrix = new Matrix(3, 5, "0,0,0,5,6|1,2,3,4,5|0,0,0,10,8");
    matrix.toStrassen();
    Assert.IsTrue(matrix.ToString() == "1,2,3,4,5|0,0,0,5,6|0,0,0,0,-4");
    matrix = new Matrix(3, 3, "1,2,3|4,0,0|0,0,0");
    matrix.toStrassen();
    Assert.IsTrue(matrix.ToString() == "1,2,3|0,-8,-12|0,0,0");
}

求方阵的行列式

只有方阵才可以求行列式的值，求行列式的值是一个多项式想加算法，公式如下

其中a是n阶方阵对应的行列式，τ表示对一个数列求逆序数，j1,j2,...jn是列下标，大概意思是行下标不变，是1,2,3,...,n，列下标是一个1,2,3,...,n的一个全排列（N级排列），然后每个多项式是n个分量相乘，这个分量的行下标是1-n顺序排列，列下标是n级排列的其中一个。

这里用到了N级排列，所以先写个辅助类来求N级排列

代码

//计算一个N级排列
public static IEnumerable<int[]> permute(int n) {
    if (n < 0) throw new ArgumentException();
    List<int[]> ret = new List<int[]>();
    int[] used = new int[n];
    int[] p = new int[n];
    int[] data = new int[n];
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        data[i] = i;
    permute(ret, n, 0, used, p, data);
    return ret;
}

//从一个数的集合里选注N个数的排列组合，使用回溯算法，复杂度应该是O(n!)
//http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/10638/showart.php?id=52814
private static void permute(ICollection<int[]> list, int n, int pos, int[] used, int[] p, int[] data) {
    if (pos == n) {
        int[] temp = new int[n];
        p.CopyTo(temp, 0);
        list.Add(temp);
        return;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (used[i] != 0) continue;
        used[i]++;
        p[pos] = data[i];
        permute(list, n, pos + 1, used, p, data);
        used[i]--;
    }
}

核心算法是从网上找的，先对其进行单元测试

代码

[TestMethod()]
public void permuteTest() {
    try
    {
        MathHelper.permute(-1);
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Assert.IsInstanceOfType(ex, typeof(ArgumentException));
    }
    const int n = 3;
    IEnumerable<int[]> actual = MathHelper.permute(n);
    int len = 0;
    List<string> expected = new List<string>() { "012", "021", "102", "120", "201", "210" };
    List<string> actualstrs = new List<string>();
    foreach (int[] ints in actual) {
        string temp = string.Empty;
        for (int i = 0; i < ints.Length; i++)
            temp += ints[i].ToString();
        actualstrs.Add(temp);
        len++;
    }
    Assert.IsTrue(len == 6);
    foreach (string s in expected)
        Assert.IsTrue(actualstrs.Contains(s));

}

求一个数列中的逆序数，直接用遍历数一遍就行了，不过也得做单元测试。

代码

//计算一个排列中的逆序数，O(n^2)复杂度，没做优化
public static int ReverseNumber(int[] cols) {
    if (cols == null) throw new ArgumentNullException();
    int ret = 0;
    int len = cols.Length;
    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
        for (int j = i + 1; j < len; j++)
            if (cols[i] > cols[j])
                ret++;
    }
    return ret;
}

2, 4, 3, 1, 5这个排列中，2后面有1，4后面有3和1，3后面有1，共4个逆序，用例做单元测试的数据。

代码

[TestMethod()]
public void ReverseNumberTest() {
    try {
        MathHelper.ReverseNumber(null);
    }
    catch (Exception ex) {
        Assert.IsInstanceOfType(ex, typeof(ArgumentNullException));
    }

    int[] cols = new[] { 2, 4, 3, 1, 5 };
    const int expected = 4;
    int actual = MathHelper.ReverseNumber(cols);
    Assert.AreEqual(expected, actual);

}

有了两个辅助方法，就是用代码把公式写出来就行了

代码

//∑_（j1,j2,…,jn）?〖(-1)^τ(j1,j2,…,jn)  a_(1j_1 ) a_(2j_2 ) 〗…a_(nj_n )
public double detA() {
    if (M != N)
        throw new NotSupportedException();
    double sum = 0.0D;
    var permute = MathHelper.permute(M);
    foreach (int[] cols in permute) {
        int reverse_number = MathHelper.ReverseNumber(cols);
        double temp = 1.0D;
        for (int i = 0; i < M; i++) {
            int j = cols[i];
            temp *= num[i, j];
        }

        if (reverse_number % 2 == 0)
            sum += temp;
        else
            sum -= temp;
    }
    return sum;
}

也做下单元测试

代码

[TestMethod()]
public void detATest() {
    const int m = 4;
    const int n = 4;
    const string input = "4,-5,10,3|1,-1,3,1|2,-4,5,2|-3,2,-7,-1";
    Matrix target = new Matrix(m, n, input);
    const double expected = 1D;
    double actual = target.detA();
    Assert.AreEqual(expected, actual);

    Matrix matrix = new Matrix(3, 2, "1,2|3,4|5,6");
    try
    {
        matrix.detA();
        Assert.Fail();
    }
    catch{}
}

小节

这里演示了写一个简单的类库，并用单元测试来保证其质量的过程，矩阵还涉及到其它算法，数乘，乘法，求逆，求特征值，特征向量等，慢慢再实现。

其中求特征值是一个解一元N次方程的问题，周末用二分法弄了好几个小时也没弄出来，这里求一下代码，呵呵。

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蛙蛙推荐：关于单元测试讨论-关于Mock

蛙蛙王子 — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 03:04:00 GMT

阅读: 129 评论: 0 作者: 蛙蛙王子发表于 2010-01-30 11:04 原文链接

鸣谢：特别感谢NickWang的悉心指导，我才打消了对Mock是玄学的念头，加深了对单元测试的理解。

需求：

设计一个功能，输入一个整数，把这个整数取平方后加一。

先根据需求设计接口，根据需求，输入参数属于全体整数集，返回值属于正整数集

public interface IMathHelper

{

///

/// 实现平方加一的功能

///

/// x∈Z

/// ret∈N+

int SquareAndIncrease(int x);

}

设计接口的时候要考虑是否有很好的可测试性，然后就可以写单元测试方法

[TestMethod, Description("测试平方加一功能")]

public void SquareAndIncreaseTest() {

IMathHelper mathHelper = null; //这里先空出来

const int arg = 2;

int ret = mathHelper.SquareAndIncrease(arg);

Assert.IsTrue(ret == 5);

}

测试只针对接口的合约进行测试，传入一个arg=2，根据合约2*2+1=5，预期ret=5。

然后设计接口的实现，把该功能设计成两一部分，一部分实现生成平方的功能，一部分实现加一的功能。

假如说实现平方的功能由另一个同事实现，你实现剩余的功能，因为你要调用生成平方的模块（服务），

所以你们之间再设计一个合约，可以用比较轻型的委托来表达：Func

然后你就可以实现IMathHelper接口了，其中生成平方的功能是运行时注入的。

public class MathHelperImp : IMathHelper

{

private readonly Func _square;

public MathHelperImp(Func square)

{

_square = square;

}

public int SquareAndIncrease(int x)

{

return _square(x) + 1;

}

你现在要测试你的代码，你的代码的逻辑就是根据一个数，调用另一个模块取平方后再加一，

而你不需要测试取平方的功能，在你测试你的模块的时候，取平方的功能可能还没实现呢。

这时候你可以Mock一个取平方功能的模块来使用，你只要根据这个模块的合约实现简单的输出功能即可，

你不需要关心真正的该模块是如何实现的，比如Func sqrMock = x => 4;

它传入任何值都返回4，也就是你的MockObject只针对特定的测试数据2返回符合合约的输出。

这个你就足以测试你的模块了，如下：

[TestMethod, Description("测试平方加一功能")]

public void SquareAndIncreaseTest() {

Func sqrMock = x => 4;

IMathHelper mathHelper = new MathHelperImp(sqrMock);

const int arg = 2;

int ret = mathHelper.SquareAndIncrease(arg);

Assert.IsTrue(ret == 5);

}

这就是简单的Mock的使用场景，比较适合这种面向合约的编程，而且是强类型的合约，比如接口，委托。

以前一直感觉Mock是一种玄学，比如你要调用一个从数据库取数据的功能，难道你要Mock一个数据库吗？

如果要对你的服务进行单元测试，需要先通过HTTP从A服务获取配置，再用Remoting去B服务获取凭证，

然后用Socket给你的服务拼包，发包，你的服务还要调用C服务，难道你要Mock一个A服务，B服务，C服务吗？

如果这样的话，写Mock的工作量也许比实现你的服务所花费的时间还多。

针对第一个问题，你要明确你测试什么，你测试的不是数据库的功能，所以你没必要Mock一个完整的数据库。

你在设计的时候就要倾向于做面向合约的设计，把访问数据库的部分设计成一个接口，尽量强类型的接口，

输入什么，输出什么，会抛什么异常都说明清楚，这样合约很清楚的话，根据特定的测试数据能人为计算出输出，

有了这些条件，写一实现合约但只有固定输出功能的对象来作为MockObject就可以了。

如果你设计的接口是比较粗粒度的，比如byte[] send(byte[] arg),输入和输出是按一定的二进制协议拼包，

做这种设计有时候是迫不得已的，所以你在准备测试数据的时候要先根据二进制协议的规则去拼包，然后MockObject

实现的时候也要把固定的输出按二进制协议拼成特定的输出，甚至你的接口如果是在HTTP方式通信的话，你还得

使用一些Http通信的相关类库去写单元测试代码和MockObject的实现代码。

针对这种情况，尽量使用合约设计和使用Mock的思路还是不变的，可以写一些公共的按协议封包，拆包及通信的辅助

类库来帮助快速编写单元测试。

MockObject也不一定就是一个对象，可以是一个只实现某个合约但返回固定输出的一个服务，测试数据是你事先定义

好的，输出是固定的，你测试的时候只使用特定的测试数据就可以完成依赖这个服务的功能的单元测试。

针对第二个问题，如果你真的去把所有获取测试你的服务的前置条件的代码都完成，然后再写你的单元测试代码的话，

这就不是单元测试了，这叫自动化测试，确实需要很大的工作量。所以你要明确你到底在测试什么，你不是在测如何

正确获取测试你的代码的准备工作。

具体来说，你的单元测试所使用的配置数据，可以写死，或者设置成本地可配置的。

如果你要测试的代码，有一些前置条件，需要验证登录的凭证等，你可以在代码里设计一种通用的凭证，写死，只要

发这个凭证，就验证通过（当然，程序真正发布的时候要把这些代码移除），也就是你在设计代码的时候就要考虑

程序的可测试性，你这个模块可能成为其它代码的前置条件时，做一个“后门”为测试使用。

然后你的服务依赖的服务，就用MockObject或者MockService来实现，上面已经说了。

综上，感觉有以下几点：

1、新功能尽量针对合约进行设计，无论是接口，还是协议，评估下可测试性是否良好。

2、如果要分模块，分服务来实现的话，模块或服务间尽量还是设计强类型接口，通信的时候可以使用二进制协议，

HTTP等协议，但上层可以再封装一个强类型层，以便容易实现被调用服务的MockObject。

3、如果一个服务是在整个服务的调用链比较靠前的，可以做一个为测试使用的后门，针对某些固定输入不进行实际

代码逻辑（参数检查，查数据库等），只返回固定的输出。

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Setting the Reply-To Header in an Email using CDONTS.NewMail Object and CDO Message

®Geovin Du Dream Park™ — Fri, 29 Jan 2010 07:50:00 GMT

阅读: 18 评论: 0 作者: ®Geovin Du Dream Park™ 发表于 2010-01-29 15:50 原文链接

代码

1 <%
2 Option Explicit
3
4 Dim objMail
5 Dim strSubject
6 Dim strBody
7
8 strSubject = "This is a test email"
9 strBody    = "This test email is using test@devasp.com " & _
10            " as the sender email address but we are " & _
11            " using someone@devasp.com as the Reply-To header."
12
13
14 ' First create an instance of NewMail Object
15 Set objMail = Server.CreateObject("CDONTS.NewMail")
16
17 ' Please replace the "From" and "To" email addresses with your
18 ' own valid email address. I recieve too many emails
19 ' from people who test this sample and keep sending
20 ' emails to test@devasp.com, or they keep the "From" property
21 ' as webmaster@devasp.com and I get response of
22 ' undeliverable emails.
23 ' NOTE: If the "To" or "From" properties of CDONTS contain
24 ' invalid email address you will not recieve the email.
25
26 objMail.From = "test@dupcit.com"
27 objMail.To   = "webmaster@dusystem.com"
28
29 ' Use the value property of the CDONTS.NewMail Object
30 ' to Set the Reply-To header
31
32 objMail.Value("Reply-To") = "someone@dusystem.com" '回复邮件地址
33
34 objMail.Subject = strSubject
35 objMail.Body    = strBody
36
37 objMail.Send
38
39 Set objMail = Nothing
40 %>
41
42
43
44
45 <%
46
47 strText = "Test"
48
49 Const cdoSendUsingPort = 2
50
51 Const strSmartHost = "myLocalSMTPHost"
52
53 Set myMail = CreateObject("CDO.Message")
54
55 Set iConf = myMail.Configuration
56
57 With iConf.Fields
58
59 .item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusing") = cdoSendUsingPort
60
61 .item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpserver") = strSmartHost
62
63 .Update
64
65 End With
66
67 With iConf.Fields
68
69 .item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusing") = cdoSendUsingPort
70
71 .item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpserver") = strSmartHost
72
73 .Update
74
75 End With
76
77 With myMail
78
79 myMail.From = "geovindu@dupcit.com"
80
81 myMail.To = "bill@dupcit.com"
82
83 myMail.ReplyTo = "bill@dusystem.com"  '回复邮件地址
84
85 myMail.Subject = "Internet Communication from Me"
86
87 myMail.HTMLBody = strText
88
89 myMail.Send
90
91 End With
92
93 Set myMail = Nothing
94
95 %>
96
97

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Send mail from ASP.NET using your gmail account

®Geovin Du Dream Park™ — Thu, 28 Jan 2010 09:42:00 GMT

阅读: 28 评论: 0 作者: ®Geovin Du Dream Park™ 发表于 2010-01-28 17:42 原文链接

from: http://www.aspcode.net/Send-mail-from-ASPNET-using-your-gmail-account.aspx

http://relevantcodes.com/cdo-send-email-from-yahoo-hotmail-live-aol-or-gmail/

http://www.codeproject.com/KB/IP/SendMailUsingGmailAccount.aspx?display=Print

代码

1 public static void SendMail(string sHost, int nPort, string sUserName, string sPassword, string sFromName, string sFromEmail,
2
3         string sToName, string sToEmail, string sHeader, string sMessage, bool fSSL)
4
5 {
6
7     if (sToName.Length == 0)
8
9         sToName = sToEmail;
10
11     if (sFromName.Length == 0)
12
13         sFromName = sFromEmail;
14
15
16
17     System.Web.Mail.MailMessage Mail = new System.Web.Mail.MailMessage();
18
19     Mail.Fields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpserver"] = sHost;
20
21     Mail.Fields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusing"] = 2;
22
23
24
25     Mail.Fields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpserverport"] = nPort.ToString();
26
27     if ( fSSL )
28
29         Mail.Fields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpusessl"] = "true";
30
31
32
33     if (sUserName.Length == 0)
34
35     {
36
37         //Ingen auth
38
39     }
40
41     else
42
43     {
44
45         Mail.Fields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpauthenticate"] = 1;
46
47         Mail.Fields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusername"] = sUserName;
48
49         Mail.Fields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendpassword"] = sPassword;
50
51     }
52
53
54
55     Mail.To = sToEmail;
56
57     Mail.From = sFromEmail;
58
59     Mail.Subject = sHeader;
60
61     Mail.Body = sMessage;
62
63     Mail.BodyFormat = System.Web.Mail.MailFormat.Html;
64
65
66
67     System.Web.Mail.SmtpMail.SmtpServer = sHost;
68
69     System.Web.Mail.SmtpMail.Send(Mail);
70
71 }
72
73

Now, the secret is the last parameter, bool fSSL. If true then we set the magic CDO field cdo/configuration/smtpusessl to true:

if ( fSSL )

Mail.Fields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpusessl"] = "true";

And that my folks is all we need. Specify true as last parameter and you will have SSL authentication. Which gmail for example uses so look at this example:

代码

1  SendMail("smtp.gmail.com",
2
3                 465,
4
5                 "account@gmail.com",
6
7                 "",
8
9                 "Your name",
10
11                 "account@gmail.com",
12
13                 "Stefan Receiver",
14
15                 "receive@whatever.com",
16
17                 "Test",
18
19                 "Hello there Steff!",
20
21                 true);
22
23

So secret to get mail working against gmail is: port 465 - server smtp.gmail.com and ssl = true.

碍于JMail本身对SSL之限制，若有Gmail发送信件需求朋友，可以透过CDO.Message实现

代码

1 <%
2
3 dim myMail
4
5 Set myMail=CreateObject("CDO.Message")
6
7 myMail.Configuration.Fields.Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusing") = 2
8
9 myMail.Configuration.Fields.Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpserver") = "smtp.gmail.com"
10
11 myMail.Configuration.Fields.Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpserverport") = 465
12
13 'Authentication method, ssl or not, Username and password for the SMTP Server
14
15 myMail.Configuration.Fields.Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpauthenticate") = 1
16
17 myMail.Configuration.Fields.Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpusessl") = true
18
19 myMail.Configuration.Fields.Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusername") = "你的Gmail帐号"
20
21 myMail.Configuration.Fields.Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendpassword") = "你的Gmail密码"
22
23 '-------------------------------------
24
25 myMail.Configuration.Fields.Update
26
27 myMail.From = "geovindu@gmail.com"
28
29 myMail.To = "Geovin Du"
30
31 myMail.Subject ="geovindu"
32
33 myMail.TextBody = "geovindu"
34
35 myMail.Send
36
37 set myMail=nothing
38
39 %>
40
41

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CDO 邮件元件使用方法

Microsoft从Windows Server 2000 及 Windows XP开始内建邮件元件已改为CDO

在之前的系统内建邮件元件则是 CDONTS，各位要注意，以下是CDO的用法

属性说明

Subject 邮件的主旨

From 寄件人的电子邮件信箱

To 收件人的电子邮件，可用分号；或逗号，断开成多位收件人

CC 副本收件人的电子邮件，可用分号；或逗号，断开成多位收件人

BCC 密送副本收件人的电子邮件，可用分号；或逗号，断开成多位收件人

TextBody 邮件的本文-纯文字模式

HTMLBody 邮件的本文-HTML模式

方法说明

Send 送出邮件

AddAttachment "c:\mydocuments\test.txt" 附件

CreateMHTMLBody "http://www.w3schools.com/asp/" 将一个网页用HTML格式送出

CreateMHTMLBody "file://c:/mydocuments/test.htm" 将本机硬碟中的一个网页用HTML格式送出

myMail.HTMLBodyPart.Charset = "UTF-8" 以UTF-8 可以发送多种语言，当然也要看接受方邮件的编码格式的兼容性

范例：

送出一封纯文字信件:

代码

1 <%
2
3 Set myMail=CreateObject("CDO.Message")
4
5 myMail.Subject="Sending email with CDO"
6
7 myMail.From="geovindu@gmail.com"
8
9 myMail.To="geovindu@dusystem.com"
10
11 myMail.TextBody="This is a message."
12
13 myMail.Send
14
15 set myMail=nothing
16
17 %>
18
19

vbscript code:

代码

  1 'Public Class clsSendMail
  2 Class clsSendMail
  3
  4     Private oMessage    'CDO.Message Object
  5     Private strFrom     'Sender's Email ID: XX@YY.COM
  6     Public Body         'Body Text from Text File
  7
  8     '—————————————————————————————————————————————
  9     ' Name: Sub Email (Public)
10     '
11     ' Purpose: Send Email Using CDO
12     '
13     ' Parameters:
14     '    sEmailID: Sender's Mail ID String
15     '    sPassword: Sender's Password String
16     '    sTo: Recipient's Mail ID String (Primary)
17     '    sCC: Recipient's Mail ID String (CC)
18     '    sSubject: Subject String
19     '    sBody: Body Message String
20     '
21     ' Return: -
22     '—————————————————————————————————————————————
23     Public Sub Send( sEMailID, sPassword, sTo, sCC, sSubject, sBody )
24     '—————————————————————————————————————————————
25         Dim oRegExp     'RegEx Object
26         Dim sDetails    'Report Details
27         Dim intStatus   'Report Status
28         Dim sStepName   'Report Step
29
30         'Sender ID has Class scope
31         Me.From = sEmailID
32         'Message Body
33         If sBody <> "" Then Me.Body = sBody
34
35         intStatus = micPass
36         sStepName = " Sent"
37
38         Set oRegExp = New RegExp
39         oRegExp.Global = True
40         oRegExp.Pattern = "<\w>|<\w\w>|<\w\d>"
41         Set oMatches = oRegExp.Execute( Me.Body )
42
43         'Build Message
44         With oMessage
45             .Subject = sSubject
46             .From = sEmailID
47             .To = sTo
48             .CC = sCC
49             'BCC Property can be added as well:
50             '.BCC = sBCC
51             'If HTML Tags found, use .HTMLBody
52             If oMatches.Count > 0 Then
53                 .HTMLBody = Me.Body
54             Else
55                 .TextBody = Me.Body
56             End If
57         End With
58
59         Set oMatches = Nothing
60         Set oRegExp = Nothing
61
62         With oMessage.Configuration.Fields
63             'Sender's Mail ID
64             .Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/" &_
65             "sendusername") = sEmailID
66             'Sender's Password
67             .Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/" &_
68             "sendpassword") = sPassword
69             'Name/IP of SMTP Server
70             .Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/" &_
71             "smtpserver") = cdoSMTPServer
72             'Server Port
73             .Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/" &_
74             "smtpserverport") = cdoOutgoingMailSMTP
75             'Send Using: (1) Local SMTP Pickup Service (2) Use SMTP Over Network
76             .Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/" &_
77             "sendusing") = cdoSendUsing
78             'Authentication Used: (1) None (2) Basic (3) NTLM
79             .Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/" &_
80             "smtpauthenticate") = cdoAuthenticationType
81             'SMTP Server Requires SSL/STARTTLS: Boolean
82             .Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/" &_
83             "smtpusessl") = cdoUseSSL
84             'Maximum Time in Seconds CDO will try to Establish Connection
85             .Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/" &_
86             "smtpconnectiontimeout") = cdoTimeout
87             'Update Configuration Entries
88             .Update
89         End With
90
91         'Report Details
92         sDetails = "SMTP Server: " & cdoSMTPServer & vbLf
93         sDetails = sDetails & "Sender: " & sEMailID & vbLf
94         sDetails = sDetails & "Recipient: " & sTo & vbLf
95         sDetails = sDetails & "Server Port: " & cdoOutgoingMailSMTP & vbLf
96         sDetails = sDetails & "SSL Used: " & cdoUseSSL & vbLf
97         sDetails = sDetails & "Authentication Type: " & cdoAuthenticationType & vbLf
98         sDetails = sDetails & "SMTP Service Type: " & cdoSendUsing & vbLf & vbLf
99         sDetails = sDetails & "Subject: " & sSubject & vbLf & vbLf
100         sDetails = sDetails & "Body: " & sBody
101
102         On Error Resume Next
103             'Send Message
104             oMessage.Send
105             If Err.Number <> 0 Then
106                 intStatus = micWarning
107                 sStepName = " Not Sent"
108                 sDetails = sDetails & vbLf & "Error Description: " & Err.Description
109             End If
110         On Error Goto 0
111
112         'If you're not using QTP, please disable the statement below:
113         Reporter.ReportEvent intStatus, "EMail" & sStepName, sDetails
114     End Sub
115
116     '—————————————————————————————————————————————
117     ' Name: Sub LoadBodyMessage (Public)
118     '
119     ' Purpose: Loads BodyText from a Text File
120     '
121     ' Parameters:
122     '    sCompleteFilePath: Complete Path to the Text File (Eg: "C:\MyDocs\MyMail.txt")
123     '
124     ' Return: -
125     '—————————————————————————————————————————————
126     Public Sub LoadBodyMessage( sCompleteFilePath )
127     '—————————————————————————————————————————————
128         CONST ForReading = 1
129         Dim oFSO, oFile
130
131         Set oFSO = CreateObject( "Scripting.FileSystemObject" )
132         Set oFile = oFSO.OpenTextFile( sCompleteFilePath, ForReading )
133         Me.Body = oFile.ReadAll
134         oFile.Close: Set oFile = Nothing
135
136         Set oFSO = Nothing
137     End Sub
138
139     '—————————————————————————————————————————————
140     ' Name: Class_Initialize (Private)
141     '
142     ' Purpose: Binds to the CDO Object
143     '
144     ' Parameters: -
145     '
146     ' Return: -
147     '—————————————————————————————————————————————
148     Private Sub Class_Initialize
149     '—————————————————————————————————————————————
150         Set oMessage = CreateObject( "CDO.Message" )
151     End Sub
152
153     '—————————————————————————————————————————————
154     ' Name: Class_Initialize (Private)
155     '
156     ' Purpose: Release the CDO Object
157     '
158     ' Parameters: -
159     '
160     ' Return: -
161     '—————————————————————————————————————————————
162     Private Sub Class_Terminate
163     '—————————————————————————————————————————————
164         Set oMessage = Nothing
165     End Sub
166
167     '—————————————————————————————————————
168     ' Name: Property cdoSendUsing (Private)
169     '
170     ' Purpose: Readonly property configuration for SMTP Service
171     '—————————————————————————————————————
172     Private Property Get cdoSendUsing  'As Integer
173     '—————————————————————————————————————
174         cdoSendUsing = 2    'Use SMTP Over The Network
175         'cdoSendUsing = 1    'Use Local SMTP Service Pickup Directory
176     End Property
177
178     '—————————————————————————————————————
179     ' Name: Property cdoTimeout (Private)
180     '
181     ' Purpose: Maximum time in seconds CDO will try to establish a connection
182     '—————————————————————————————————————
183     Private Property Get cdoTimeout  'As Integer
184     '—————————————————————————————————————
185         'cdoTimeout = 15    'Seconds
186         cdoTimeout = 45    'Seconds
187         'cdoTimeout = 75    'Seconds
188     End Property
189
190     '—————————————————————————————————————
191     ' Name: Property cdoAuthenticationType (Private)
192     '
193     ' Purpose: Type of Authentication to be used
194     '—————————————————————————————————————
195     Private Property Get cdoAuthenticationType  'As Integer
196     '—————————————————————————————————————
197         'cdoAuthenticationType = 0    'No Authentication
198         cdoAuthenticationType = 1    'Basic Authentication
199         'cdoAuthenticationType = 2    'NTML Authentication
200     End Property
201
202     '—————————————————————————————————————
203     ' Name: Property cdoOutgoingMailSMTP (Private)
204     '
205     ' Purpose: Server Port
206     '—————————————————————————————————————
207     Private Property Get cdoOutgoingMailSMTP  'As Integer
208     '—————————————————————————————————————
209         If InStr(1, Lcase(Me.From), "@gmail") <> 0 Then
210             cdoOutgoingMailSMTP = 465
211         ElseIf InStr(1, LCase(Me.From), "@aol") <> 0 Then
212             cdoOutgoingMailSMTP = 587
213         Else
214             cdoOutgoingMailSMTP = 25
215         End If
216     End Property
217
218     '—————————————————————————————————————
219     ' Name: Property cdoSMTPServer (Private)
220     '
221     ' Purpose: Name/IP of SMTP Server
222     '—————————————————————————————————————
223     Private Property Get cdoSMTPServer  'As String
224     '—————————————————————————————————————
225         If InStr(1, LCase(Me.From), "@yahoo") <> 0 Then
226             cdoSMTPServer = "smtp.mail.yahoo.com"
227         ElseIf InStr(1, LCase(Me.From), "@gmail") <> 0 Then
228             cdoSMTPServer = "smtp.gmail.com"
229         ElseIf InStr(1, LCase(Me.From), "@hotmail") <> 0 Or _
230                InStr(1, LCase(Me.From), "@live") <> 0 Then
231             cdoSMTPServer = "smtp.live.com"
232         ElseIf InStr(1, LCase(Me.From), "@aol") <> 0 Then
233             cdoSMTPServer = "smtp.aol.com"
234         End If
235     End Property
236
237     '—————————————————————————————————————
238     ' Name: Property cdoUseSSL (Private)
239     '
240     ' Purpose: Setting for SMTP Server's use of SSL (Boolean)
241     '—————————————————————————————————————
242     Private Property Get cdoUseSSL  'As Boolean
243     '—————————————————————————————————————
244         cdoUseSSL = True
245         If InStr(1, LCase(Me.From), "@aol") <> 0 Then
246             cdoUseSSL = False
247         End If
248     End Property
249
250     '—————————————————————————————————————
251     ' Name: Property From (Public)
252     '
253     ' Purpose: Sender's Email ID
254     '—————————————————————————————————————
255     Public Property Let From( ByVal Val )
256            strFrom = Val
257     End Property
258     Public Property Get From 'As String
259            From = strFrom
260     End Property
261
262 End Class
263
264 '—————————————————————————————————————————————
265 ' Name: Sub Email (Public)
266 '
267 ' Purpose: Sends an Email Using CDO to a recipient
268 '
269 ' Parameters:
270 '    sEmailID: Sender's Mail ID String
271 '    sPassword: Sender's Password String
272 '    sTo: Recipient's Mail ID String
273 '    sSubject: Subject String
274 '    sBody: Body Message String
275 '
276 ' Return: -
277 '—————————————————————————————————————————————
278 Public Function Email( EmailID, Password, Recipient, CC, Subject, Body )
279 '—————————————————————————————————————————————
280     Set Email = New clsSendMail
281     With Email
282         .Send EmailID, Password, Recipient, CC, Subject, Body
283     End with
284 End Function
285
286 '—————————————————————————————————————————————
287 ' Name: Sub EmailFromFile (Public)
288 '
289 ' Purpose: Sends an Email Using CDO to a recipient
290 '
291 ' Parameters:
292 '    sEmailID: Sender's Mail ID String
293 '    sPassword: Sender's Password String
294 '    sTo: Recipient's Mail ID String
295 '    sSubject: Subject String
296 '    sCompleteFilePath: Text File containing the Body Message
297 '
298 ' Return: -
299 '—————————————————————————————————————————————
300 Public Function EmailFromFile( EmailID, Password, Recipient, CC, Subject, sCompleteFilePath )
301 '—————————————————————————————————————————————
302     Set EmailFromFile = New clsSendMail
303     With EmailFromFile
304         .LoadBodyMessage sCompleteFilePath
305         .Send EmailID, Password, Recipient, CC, Subject, ""
306     End with
307 End Function

use:

代码

1 'TEXT
2
3 'Call Email( Sender's_ID, Sender's_Password, Send_To, CC_To, Subject, Message )
4 Email "XYZ@AOL.com", "myPassword", "ABC@Gmail.com", _
5 "", "Subject", "Hello, this is a test mail."'HTML
6
7 'Call Email( Sender's_ID, Sender's_Password, Send_To, CC_To, Subject, Message )
8 Email "XYZ@AOL.com", "myPassword", "ABC@Gmail.com", "", _
9 "Subject", "

Hello

Test Mail

"'Call Email( Sender's_ID, Sender's_Password, Send_To, CC_To, Subject, Message )
10 Email "XYZ@AOL.com", "myPassword", "ABC@Gmail.com", "", _
11 "Subject", "C:\MyTestMail.txt"Email "Me@MeEmail.Com", "mePassword", "You@YouEmail.Com;Them@TheirEmail.Com", _
12 "CC@YouCC.Com;CC@MeCC.Com", "Test Subject", "Test Message"

NET2.0 C#

代码

1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.ComponentModel;
4 using System.Data;
5 using System.Drawing;
6 using System.Text;
7 using System.Windows.Forms;
8 using System.Net;
9 using System.Net.Mail;
10 using System.Net.Mime;
11 //Mime is Not necerrary if you dont change the msgview and
12 //if you dont add custom/extra headers
13 using System.Threading;
14
15 namespace SendMailUsingGmail
16 {
17     public partial class Form1 : Form
18     {
19         public Form1()
20         {
21             InitializeComponent();
22         }
23
24         static bool mailSent = false;
25
26         public void SendMail()
27         {
28             //Builed The MSG
29             System.Net.Mail.MailMessage msg = new System.Net.Mail.MailMessage();
30             msg.To.Add("reciver@gmail.com");
31             msg.To.Add("another.reciver@yahoo.com");
32             msg.From = new MailAddress(dummy@gmail.com,
33                 "One Ghost",System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
34             msg.Subject = "Test mail using .net2.0";
35             msg.SubjectEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
36             msg.Body = "This is my msg Body";
37             msg.BodyEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
38             msg.IsBodyHtml = false;
39             msg.Priority = MailPriority.High;
40
41             //Add the Creddentials
42             SmtpClient client = new SmtpClient();
43             client.Credentials = new System.Net.NetworkCredential
44                 ("dummy@gmail.com", "SecretPass");
45             client.Port = 587;//or use 587
46             client.Host = "smtp.gmail.com";
47             client.EnableSsl = true;
48             client.SendCompleted += new SendCompletedEventHandler
49                 (client_SendCompleted);
50             object userState=msg;
51             try
52             {
53                 //you can also call client.Send(msg)
54                 client.SendAsync(msg, userState);
55             }
56             catch (System.Net.Mail.SmtpException ex)
57             {
58                 MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "Send Mail Error");
59             }
60         }
61
62         void client_SendCompleted(object sender, AsyncCompletedEventArgs e)
63         {
64             MailMessage mail = (MailMessage)e.UserState;
65             string subject = mail.Subject;
66
67             if (e.Cancelled)
68             {
69                 string cancelled = string.Format("[{0}] Send canceled.", subject);
70                 MessageBox.Show(cancelled);
71             }
72             if (e.Error != null)
73             {
74                 string error = String.Format("[{0}] {1}", subject, e.Error.ToString());
75                 MessageBox.Show(error);
76             }
77             else
78             {
79                 MessageBox.Show("Message sent.");
80             }
81             mailSent = true;
82         }
83
84         private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
85         {
86             this.SendMail();
87         }
88     }
89 }

代码

1 //This is fully working tested code. Copy and paste the code
2 //Edit some parts(UserName, password) and ENJOY!
3 public string sendMail (string from, string to, string cc,
4         string bcc, string subject, string body) {
5     // Mail initialization
6     MailMessage mailMsg = new MailMessage();
7     mailMsg.From = from;
8     mailMsg.To = to;
9     mailMsg.Cc = cc;
10     mailMsg.Bcc = bcc;
11     mailMsg.Subject = subject;
12     mailMsg.BodyFormat = MailFormat.Text;
13     mailMsg.Body = body;
14     mailMsg.Priority = MailPriority.High;
15     // Smtp configuration
16     SmtpMail.SmtpServer = "smtp.gmail.com";
17     // - smtp.gmail.com use smtp authentication
18     mailMsg.Fields.Add
19         ("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpauthenticate", "1");
20     mailMsg.Fields.Add(http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusername,
21         "myemail@gmail.com");
22     mailMsg.Fields.Add(http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendpassword,
23         "mypassword");
24     // - smtp.gmail.com use port 465 or 587
25     mailMsg.Fields.Add
26         (http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpserverport, "465");
27     // - smtp.gmail.com use STARTTLS (some call this SSL)
28     mailMsg.Fields.Add
29         ("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpusessl", "true");
30     // try to send Mail
31     try
32     {
33         SmtpMail.Send(mailMsg);
34         return "";
35     }
36     catch (Exception ex)
37     {
38         return ex.Message;
39     }
40 }

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